Chapter 17.9-27: From Vision on the Mount to faith in the “vale of tears” 馬太福音 17:9-27: 從山上的異像到「流淚谷」裡的信心 Motif: “The Kingdom mountains” 主題:「國度的山」 Mount of Commission 差遣的山 (28) Ba ion iss mm Co 差遣 ’s en 的 ng av 天 mi 臨 He 屬 Co 來 ’s 次 en y or av 第 Gl He 的 天 ing 屬 m r 耀 sfo 榮 an 化 Tr 變 ’s 的 en 天 av 屬 He Mountain of Transfiguration Mount of Mountain Revelation Olives 變化山 啟示的山 橄欖山 (17) (16.13-28) (24-25) n sio Vi ly 象 en 異 av 的 He 屬天 s rce sou Re 源 en 的資 av He 屬天 ed ess Bl 祝福 fe Li 蒙了 ly en 命 av s He 的 lie 天 en 屬 av he 戰 the in 的爭 es ttl 屬天 Mount of Temptation 試探山 (4) Mount of Blessing 祝福山 (5) Mountain of Bread 餅的山 (15.29) 二 生 Matthew’s 7 Spiritual Mountains 馬太福音7個屬靈的山 One Central Kingdom Revelation Generating Three Subsequent Revealings 產 了三個後續的啟 示 的國度啟 示 生 示 音 個中 心 馬 一 Matthew 16: Foundation of Revelation 太福 16章:啟 的基礎 Matthew 17.1-8: From Revelation to Vision 馬太福音17:1-8 從啟示到異象 The Transfiguration brought three disciples into a heavenly vision of Christ in Glory 耶穌變像使三位門徒看見了基督在天上的榮耀 fi Trans guration of Jesus 1747 Francesco Zuccarella Matthew 17.9-27 From Mountaintop revelations and a vision of glory the disciples must learn to walk by Faith in the valley 馬太福音17:9-27 從山頂的啟示和榮耀的異像中, 門徒必須學會在山谷中憑信心而行 1. Matt. 17.9-13 The mystery of Elijah 太17: 9-13 以利亞的奧秘 2. Matt. 17.14-21 Valley of Tears 太17: 14-21 流淚 3. Matt. 17.22-23 Cross is Jesus’ Destiny 太17: 22-23 字架是耶穌的歸宿 谷 十 4. Matt. 17.24-27 Temple Tax Miracle 太17: 24-27 殿稅的神蹟 Matt. 17.9-13 The mystery of Elijah 馬太福音17:9-13 以利亞的奧秘 以利亞 ? 士 文 門 Matt. 17.10 And His disciples asked Him, “Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?” 太17:10 徒問耶穌說:「 為甚麼說以利亞必須先來 」 Coming of Elijah 以利亞的來臨 Matt. 17.12 but I say to you that Elijah already came, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they wished. So also the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.” 太17:12 只是我告訴你們,以利亞已經來了, 卻不認識他,竟任意待他。 也將要 這樣受他們的害。 4. The hidden kingdom mystery was m e h t d e p Isaiah’s suffering servant which l e h r e w s n a ’ s u s e J Lesson: involved both the forerunner and the e h t f o m o d g n i k e h t s a t a Messiah h t d n a underst a s i e r e h t 隱藏的國度之謎是以賽亞受苦的僕人 n i g n i heavens is com nd then ing a這涉及先驅者和彌賽亞 prophetic com John came “in the spirit of Elijah” n o i Matt. 17.13 Then the disciples understood that ical reaa. t a z i l phys but was not the Elijah to come (Rev. 11) finthealBaptist. He had spoken to them aboutaJohn 太17:13 徒這纔明 洗的約翰。 , 明 約翰「帶著以利亞的靈」 來,但 們 他 助 幫 答 回 的 教訓:耶穌 他不是將來要來的以利亞(啟11章) , 臨 來 的 性 預 是 b. The preparation must be more than 天國的來臨, 先 national but spiritual by a new birth 就 成 的 然後是最終的實體 預備必須超過是國家層 的, 且是 耶穌所說的,是指著施 藉著新 白 , 言 而 子 人 而 面 首 白 這是以利亞的日子嗎? 生 帶來屬靈的 c. Only the Messiah’s sacrifice could conquer sin and death bringing in an eternal kingdom 只有彌賽亞的犧牲才能戰勝罪和死, 帶來永恆的國度 預備主的道路 門 人 Jesus Exegetes Scripture 耶穌詮釋聖經 Matt. 17.14-21 Valley of Tears 馬太福音 17:14-21 流淚谷 Raphael’s “Transfiguration” 拉斐爾的《登山變像》 Mark 9.23 But Jesus said to him, “‘If You can?[!]’ All things are possible for the one who believes.” 可9:23 耶穌對他說:「你若能信,在信的 ,凡事都能。」 Mark 9.24 Immediately the boy’s father cried out and said, “I do believe; help my unbelief!” 可9:24 孩 的 親 時喊著說:「我信。但 我信不 ,求主幫助。」 Faith 信心 1. The man in desperation throws the responsibility upon Jesus’ mercy for help 那人在絕望中 將責任拋於耶穌的憐憫 以求幫助 2. Jesus ‘throws’ the responsibility right back at the father challenging his faith to believe “all things are possible” with God 耶穌把責任’拋’回給父親 挑戰他的信 心 讓他相信在神「凡事都能」 3. The desperate man humbly confesses his unbelief and throws himself completely upon Jesus to help quicken his faith 這個絕望的人謙卑地承認他的不信 並完全投身於耶穌 希望耶穌能幫助 他重振信心 , , , , , , 立 , 父 子 足 4. The man thus placed his little seed of faith in God through Jesus thereby making the man a co-worker in this miracle 這個人因此透過耶穌 把自己小小的 信心種子種在神裡面 使他成了這個 神蹟的同工 , 人 The Kingdom Issue 國度的問題 The Disciple’s Issue 門徒們的問題 Extraordinary Faith 非凡的信心 Matt. 17.19 Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, “Why could we not drive it out?” 太17:19 徒暗暗的到耶穌跟前說:「我們為甚麼 不能趕出那鬼呢 」 Faith is also the issue as the disciples admit their failure 門徒們承認失敗,問題也是在於信心 Matt. 17.20 And He *said to them, “Because of the littleness of your faith; for truly I say to you, if you have faith the size of a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move; and nothing will be impossible to you. 太17:20 耶穌說:「是因你們的信 。我實在告 訴你們,你們若有信 像 粒芥菜種,就是對這 座山說:「你從這邊挪到那邊」,他也必挪去 並且你們沒有 件不能作的事了。 1. Jesus again calls them‘little faithers’ unready for this multi-pronged kingdom battle with the enemy Matt. 17.21 [“But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”] 太17:21 至於這 類的鬼,若不禱告禁食,他就不 出來。 ; 大 人 面 小 心 士 小 文 一 用 行 心 ? 人 一 一 一 一 門 二 Mark 9.29 And he said to them, “This kind cannot be driven out by anything but prayer.” 可9:29 耶穌說:「非 禱告,〔有古卷在此有禁 食 字〕這 類的鬼,總不能出來。」 耶穌再次稱他們為「 信的 」,沒有 準備好與敵 進 這場多層 的國度之戰 3. “But this kind…” - kingdom battles standing against a bulwark of satanic possession along with scribal teachings, generational unbelief, blaming secondary causes, past failures, and chronic physical sickness needs something more 「至於這 類的…」——國度之戰抵抗撒 旦附身的堡壘,以及 的教導、世代 相傳的不信、歸咎於次要原因、過去的 失敗和慢性身體疾病需要更強 的東西 來對抗 The Kingdom Path of Faith 國度的信心之路 Matt. 17.21 [“But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”] 太17:21 至於這一類的鬼、若不禱告禁食、他就不出來。〔或作不能趕他出來〕 1. The disciples lacked “faith for this path” because they had not yet learned the “path for this faith” 徒缺乏「為著這道路的信 」,因為他們還沒有學會「為著這信 的道路」 2. A life of prayer and communion prepares one for the unexpected kingdom challenges that come up 禱告與交通的 活能讓 準備好 對意想不到的國度挑戰 3. A life of fasting loosens the world’s grip enabling one to see beyond outward causation and then use the keys of the kingdom 用 能看超越外在的因素,然後使 心 人 面 心 人 生 生 門 禁食的 活可以鬆開世界的束縛,使 天國的鑰匙 3. Matt. 17.22-23 Cross is Jesus’ Destiny 3. 馬太福音 17:22-23 十字架是耶穌的歸宿 Matt. 17.22 And while they were gathering together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men; 太17:22 他們還住在加利利的時 候、耶穌對門徒說 「人子將要 被交在人手裡 , : ; Matt. 17.23 and they will kill Him, and He will be raised on the third day.” And they were deeply grieved. 太17:23 他們要殺害他 第三日 他要復活。」門徒就大大的憂 愁。 Kingdom Destiny 國度的歸宿 Matt. 17.22-23 And while they were gathering together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men; and they will kill Him, and He will be raised on the third day.” And they were deeply grieved. 手 人 , 日 子 人 大 大 門 門 fl ; 太17:22-23 他們還住在加利利的時候, 耶穌對 徒說:「 將要被交在 裡 他們要殺害他,第三 他要復 活。」 徒就 的憂愁。 Sti ing False Hopes 扼殺虛假的希望 1. Jesus adds to the details of his passion that someone will deliver him up to the hands of men 耶穌補充了他的受難細節 即有人 將祂交到人的手中 門 ; 耳 大 十 大 耳 ; 手 白 人 人 白 2. Here Luke gives us some context behind Jesus’ words 路加在此向我們提供了耶穌話語的 一些背景 人 Luke 9.43 And they were all amazed at the greatness of God. But while everyone was marveling at all that He was doing, He said to His disciples, 路9:43 眾 都詫異 神的 能。耶穌所作 的 切事,眾 正希奇的時候,耶穌對 徒說: Luke 9.44 “Let these words sink into your ears; for the Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men.” 路9:44 「你們要把這些話存在 中 因為 將要被交在 裡。」 Luke 9.45 But they did not understand this statement, and it was concealed from them so that they would not perceive it; and they were afraid to ask Him about this statement. 路9:45 他們不明 這話,意思乃是隱藏 的,叫他們不能明 他們也不敢問這話 的意思。 谷 Sti ing False Hopes 扼殺虛假的希望 人 門 fl 一 子 人 Kingdom Destiny 國度的歸宿 a. Evidently the amazement of the crowds at the greatness of God in the valley breathed a new sense of optimism among the disciples 顯然,山 中眾 對神的偉 感到驚奇, 這為 徒們帶來了新的樂觀情緒 b. “Let these words sink into your ears” means Jesus felt they were still not embracing the cross and the ‘exodus’ they had heard on the mount 「你們要把這些話存在 中」意味著 耶穌覺得他們仍然沒有接受 字架和他們 在山上聽到的「出去」的事 門 ; 大 耳 大 ; 手 白 門 人 白 心 人 人 fl 門 一 Luke 9.43 And they were all amazed at the greatness of God. But while everyone was marveling at all that He was doing, He said to His disciples, 路9:43 眾 都詫異 神的 能。耶穌所作 的 切事,眾 正希奇的時候,耶穌對 徒說: Luke 9.44 “Let these words sink into your ears; for the Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men.” 路9:44 「你們要把這些話存在 中 因為 將要被交在 裡。」 Luke 9.45 But they did not understand this statement, and it was concealed from them so that they would not perceive it; and they were afraid to ask Him about this statement. 路9:45 他們不明 這話,意思乃是隱藏 的,叫他們不能明 他們也不敢問這話 的意思。 子 人 Kingdom Destiny 國度的歸宿 Sti ing False Hopes 扼殺虛假的希望 c. The mystery was indeed too great for the disciples to understand - in fact it was concealed from them for the moment 這個奧秘對 徒來說實在 到 他們無法理解── 事實上,當時 這對他們是隱藏的 d. The disciples decided upon a don’t ask don’t tell policy fearing more grievous information might come 徒決定採取「不問不說」的 政策,擔 可能會有更嚴重的 消息傳來 Sti ing False Hopes 扼殺虛假的希望 Luke 9.43 And they were all amazed at the greatness of God. But while everyone was c. The mystery was indeed too great marveling at all that He was doing, He said for the disciples to understand - in to His disciples, fact it was concealed from them for 路9:43 眾 都詫異 神的 能。耶穌所作 the moment 的 切事,眾 正希奇的時候,耶穌對 這個奧秘對 徒來說實在 到 徒說: 他們無法理解── 事實上,當時 Luke 9.44 “Let these words sink into your ears; for the Son of Man is going to be 這對他們是隱藏的 delivered into the hands of men.” , 」 理 真 disciples decided upon a don’t 路9:44 「你們要把這些話存在 中 因為 按 「 們 徒 d. The 的 祂 備 預 將要被交在 裡。」 穌 耶 , 惑 ask don’t tell policy fearing more 迷 所 想 夢 的 觀 Luke 9.45 But they did not understand this樂 不被 既 grievous information might come 氣 洩 所 statement, and it was concealed from them 義 主 觀 悲 的 論 徒決定採取「不問不說」的 命 宿 被 so that they would not perceive it; and they 不 也 were afraid to ask Him about this statement. 政策,擔 可能會有更嚴重的 路9:45 他們不明 這話,意思乃是隱藏 消息傳來 的,叫他們不能明 他們也不敢問這話 的意思。 行 而 門 ; 大 耳 大 ; 門 手 白 門 人 白 心 人 人 fl 門 一: 訓 教 n o Less o t s e l p i c s i d s i h s e r a p e Jesus pr y b d e d u l e d r e h t i e n ” h t u r t e h t n y i b k l d e g a “wa r u o c s i d r o n s m a e r d c i t s i optim m s i m i s s e p fatalistic 子 人 Kingdom Destiny 國度的歸宿 4. Matt. 17.24-27 Temple Tax Miracle 4. 馬太福音 17:24-27 殿稅的神蹟 Matt. 17.27 “… go to the lake and throw out your line. Take the rst sh you catch; open its mouth and you will nd a fourdrachma coin. Take it and give it to them for my tax and yours.” , fi , ⋯ ⋯ fi , fi , , 太17:27 「 你且往海邊去 釣魚 把先釣上來的魚拿起 來 開了他的口 必得一塊 錢 可以拿去給他們 作你我 的稅銀。」 The King’s Character 王的性格 Impulsive Peter 衝動的彼得 Matt. 17.24 When they came to Capernaum, those who collected the two-drachma tax came to Peter and said, “Does your teacher not pay the two-drachma tax?” 太17:24 到了迦百農,有收丁稅的 來 彼得 說:「你們的先 不納丁稅麼 」 Jesus teaches Peter about character and fellowship with the Son of Man 耶穌教導彼得關於品格以及 與人子的交通 Matt. 17.25 He *said, “Yes.” And when he came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect customs or poll-tax, from their sons or from strangers?” 太17:25 彼得說:「納。」他進了屋 ,耶穌 先向他說:「西 ,你的意思如何 世上的 君王,向誰徵收關稅丁稅 是向 的兒 呢 是向外 呢 」 子 一 見 子 ? 己 人 自 ? 人 大 金 ? 小 生 門 ? 子 人 工 ? Matt. 17.26 When Peter said, “From strangers,” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are exempt. 太17:26 彼得說:「是向外 。」耶穌說: 「既然如此,兒 就可以免稅了。」 1. The Temple tax collectors came by Peter’s house (where Jesus was staying) to gather the annual Temple tax 聖殿稅吏來到彼得的家(耶穌住在 那裡),收取每年的殿稅 2. This tax was relatively small representing about one day’s typical wages so limited funds was not the issue 這項稅收相對較 , 約相當於 天 的普通 資,因此資 有限不是問題 The King’s Character 王的性格 Matt. 17.24 When they came to Capernaum, those who collected the two-drachma tax came to Peter and said, “Does your teacher not pay the two-drachma tax?” 太17:24 到了迦百農,有收丁稅的 來 彼得 說:「你們的先 不納丁稅麼 」 Matt. 17.25 He *said, “Yes.” And when he came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect customs or poll-tax, from their sons or from strangers?” 太17:25 彼得說:「納。」他進了屋 ,耶穌 先向他說:「西 ,你的意思如何 世上的 君王,向誰徵收關稅丁稅 是向 的兒 呢 是向外 呢 」 子 見 子 ? 己 首 人 自 ? 自 人 ? 生 門 ? 子 人 一 ? Matt. 17.26 When Peter said, “From strangers,” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are exempt. 太17:26 彼得說:「是向外 。」耶穌說: 「既然如此,兒 就可以免稅了。」 Impulsive Peter 衝動的彼得 3. Peter’s answer seemed to be covering for Jesus protecting against any possible legal grounds of accusation 彼得的回答似乎是在為耶穌辯護, 避免任何可能的法律指控 4. When Peter came back into the house Jesus spoke to him “first” about the matter indicating that Peter needed some correction for presuming to speak up for the Lord 當彼得回到屋裡時,耶穌「 先」 向他講述了這件事,表明彼得需要 些糾正,因為他擅 代表主說話 The King’s Character 王的性格 子 見 子 ? 己 一 人 自 ? ? 人 ? 見 父 而 生 門 ? 子 子 小 人 而 用 ? Matt. 17.24 When they came to Capernaum, those who collected the two-drachma tax came to Peter and said, “Does your teacher not pay the two-drachma tax?” 太17:24 到了迦百農,有收丁稅的 來 彼得 說:「你們的先 不納丁稅麼 」 Matt. 17.25 He *said, “Yes.” And when he came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect customs or poll-tax, from their sons or from strangers?” 太17:25 彼得說:「納。」他進了屋 ,耶穌 先向他說:「西 ,你的意思如何 世上的 君王,向誰徵收關稅丁稅 是向 的兒 呢 是向外 呢 」 Matt. 17.26 When Peter said, “From strangers,” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are exempt. 太17:26 彼得說:「是向外 。」耶穌說: 「既然如此,兒 就可以免稅了。」 Fellowship Correction 糾正的交通 Peter learns submission and the Lord’s forbearance when serving in fellowship (corporate) life 彼得在交通中服事(團體)生活, 學習順服和主的忍耐 1. Jesus’ little parable asks Peter a question with an obvious answer real Q: “do you remember from the mount that I am the Messiah?” A: “I am therefore exempt as a Son from the taxes for my Father’s House” 耶穌 個 比喻向彼得提出了 個 問題, 答案顯 易 。問:「你從 山上記得我是彌賽亞嗎 」答:「因 此,作為兒 ,我從 家的稅收中豁 免」 Matt. 17.25 He *said, “Yes.” And when he came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect customs or poll-tax, from their sons or from strangers?” 太17:25 彼得說:「納。」他進了屋 ,耶穌先 向他說:「西 ,你的意思如何 世上的君 王,向誰徵收關稅丁稅 是向 的兒 呢 是向外 呢 」 Matt. 17.26 When Peter said, “From strangers,” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are exempt. 太17:26 彼得說:「是向外 。」耶穌說: 「既然如此,兒 就可以免稅了。」 Matt. 17.27 “However, so that we do not offend them, go to the sea and throw in a hook, and take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.” ? 子 口 子 ? 己 自 見 人 ? 人 魚 子 門 ? 方 太17:27 「但恐怕觸犯他們,你且往海邊去釣 ,把先釣上來的 拿起來,開了他的 ,必得 塊錢,可以拿去給他們,作你我的稅銀。」 人 魚 一 The King’s Character 王的性格 Fellowship Correction 糾正的交通 2. Lesson: do not speak in the Lord’s Name without hearing the Lord first 教訓:不要在未聽 主之前, 就奉主的名說話 3. Solution: in order not to put a stumbling block in the way of dutiful religious outsiders let us deny our ‘rights’ and pay the tax both “for you and me” 解決 案:為了不絆倒盡職盡責 的宗教局外 ,讓我們放棄我們 的「權利」,並「為你我」繳納 稅款 Matt. 17.27 “However, so that we do not offend them, go to the sea and throw in a hook, and take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.” 太17:27 「但恐怕觸犯他們,你且往海邊去釣 ,把先釣上來的 拿起來,開了他的 ,必 得 塊錢,可以拿去給他們,作你我的稅 銀。」 「 開了他的口 必得一塊錢 口 ⋯ 一 鼓 人 金 , 魚 一 己 自 ⋯ 馬太福音17:27 一 魚 The King Rules 王掌權 」 ‘Private’ Fellowship Miracle 「私下」交通的神蹟 1. This is a unique miracle because the Lord seemingly provided money for himself as well as for Peter - but this was really for Peter’s private encouragement 這是 個獨特的神蹟,因為主似乎 為 和彼得提供了 錢 —— 但 這實際上是為了彼得的私 勵 2. Though this miracle would only remain a secret between them it formed a deeper bond as Peter learned the perfect timing and provision of Jehovah Jireh 雖然這個奇蹟只是他們之間的 個秘 密,但當彼得了解到耶和華以勒的 完美時機和供應時,他們之間的聯繫 就更加深厚了。 Matt. 17.27 “However, so that we do not offend them, go to the sea and throw in a hook, and take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.” 太17:27 「但恐怕觸犯他們,你且往海邊去釣 ,把先釣上來的 拿起來,開了他的 ,必 得 塊錢,可以拿去給他們,作你我的稅 銀。」 「 開了他的口 必得一塊錢 ; 見 口 ⋯ ; 子 人 , 魚 生 力 ; 面 ⋯ 父 馬太福音17:27 一 魚 The King Rules 王掌權 」 ‘Private’ Fellowship Miracle 「私下」交通的神蹟 3. The Lord required Peter to fix the problem but by doing something he was equipped to do 主要求彼得解決這個問題,但所做的, 是他的能 已經裝備的 4. The miracle occurred because of the Son of Man’s union with His unseen Father Whose omniscience; omnipresence; omnipotence produced this ‘secret’ miracle all veiled as coincidence and perfect timing 這奇蹟的發 是因為 與祂看不 的 的聯合 祂的無所不知 無所不在 無所不能創造了這個「秘密」奇蹟, 雖然表 上是巧合和恰好的時機 Matt. 17.27 “However, so that we do not offend them, go to the sea and throw in a hook, and take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.” 太17:27 「但恐怕觸犯他們,你且往海邊去釣 ,把先釣上來的 拿起來,開了他的 ,必 得 塊錢,可以拿去給他們,作你我的稅 銀。」 「 開了他的口 必得一塊錢 口 ⋯ 大 心 , 魚 支 人 ⋯ 馬太福音17:27 一 魚 The King Rules 王掌權 」 ‘Private’ Fellowship Miracle 「私下」交通的神蹟 5. Peter learned the great forbearance and mercy of the Lord who stands behind those who care to keep His good name 彼得學習了主的偉 忍耐和憐 憫,祂 持那些關 維護祂美名 的 Matt. 17.27 “However, so that we do not offend them, go to the sea and throw in a hook, and take the first fish that comes up; and when you open its mouth, you will find a shekel. Take that and give it to them for you and Me.” ‘Private’ Fellowship Miracle 「私下」交通的神蹟 Lesson 教訓: 5. Peter learned the great n o p u k c a b e m o c n e t f o s e l c a r forbearance and mercy of the i m The Lord’s y b s d n a t s d n a Lord who stands behind those s e v r e s y l s s e l f l e s o h the one w who care to keep His good name p i h s fellow another in彼得學習了主的偉 忍耐和憐 、 他 事 服 地 私 無 憫,祂 持那些關 維護祂美名 些 那 到 臨 常 主的神蹟 的 的 他 持 扶 中 並在交通 太17:27 「但恐怕觸犯他們,你且往海邊去釣 ,把先釣上來的 拿起來,開了他的 ,必 得 塊錢,可以拿去給他們,作你我的稅 銀。」 「 開了他的口 必得一塊錢 」 人 人 口 ⋯ 人 大 心 , 魚 支 人 ⋯ 馬太福音17:27 一 魚 The King Rules 王掌權 大 Chapter 18: Kingdom Greatness 第18章:在國度裡最 的 音 馬 太福 1. Matthew 18 - Nature of Kingdom Greatness 太福 18章 —— 國度偉 的本質 示 一 大 大 音 音 音 馬 2. Matthew 19-20 - Nine events further revealing the upside down nature of the Kingdom 太福 19-20章 —— 九個事件進 步揭 了 國度的顛倒本質 馬 馬 Matthew 16-25 records the last six months of Jesus Ministry 馬太福音 16-25 章記載了耶穌職事的最後六個月 變 得偉 太福 18:1-4 Matthew 18: Fourth Pericope 馬太福音18章:第四個短篇 #1 Matt. 5-7: Sermon on Mt; ( ) 太5-7章:山上的教訓 #2 Matt.10 Discipleship; ( ) 太10章: 徒訓練 #3 Matt.13: Kingdom Parables (三) 太13章:國度的比喻 人 小 門 大 門 馬 馬 馬 馬 一 二 #4 Matt 18: Jesus again turns the disciple’s Kingdom perspective ‘upside down’ from greatness to ‘little ones’ (四) 太18章:耶穌再次將 徒對國度的看法 「顛倒過來」,從偉 變成「微 的 」 Matthew 18 Nature of the Kingdom 馬太福音18章— 國度的本質 1. Matt. 18:1-6 Question of Greatness in the Kingdom: come as little children 太18: 1-6 關於國度中誰為 的問題:像 孩 樣來 2. Matt. 18:7-14 Kingdom “Woes” upon those who cause ‘little ones’ to stumble 太18: 7-14 國度的「禍」臨到那些讓「 」跌倒的 身上 3. Matt. 18:15-20 Church Discipline (binding) and Restoring (loosing) must be in agreement with the King’s Authority in Heaven 太18: 15-20 教會紀律(捆綁)和恢復(釋放)必須和天上君王的 權柄是 致的 3. Matt. 18:21-35 Kingdom Mercy only Triumphs over Judgment by Forgiveness 人 一 子 子 小 小 大 一 太18: 21-35 國度的憐憫唯有寬恕才能戰勝審判 1. Matt. 18:1-6 Question of Greatness in the Kingdom (一)馬太福音18:1-6 關於國度中誰為大的問題 Matt. 18.3 “Truly I say to you, unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. 孩 子 小 太18:3 說:「我實在告訴你們,你們若不回轉,變成 的樣式,斷不得進天國。 The Occasion 場合 Matt. 18.1 At that time the disciples came to Jesus and said, “Who then is greatest in the kingdom of heaven?” 太18:1 當時, 徒進前來,問耶穌 說:「天國裡誰是最 的 」 Mark 9.33 They came to Capernaum; and when He was in the house, He began to question them, “What were you discussing on the way?” 可9:33 他們來到迦百農,耶穌在屋裡 問 徒說:「你們在路上議論 的是甚麼 」 ? 大 大 ? 門 門 門 Mark 9.34 But they kept silent, for on the way they had discussed with one another which of them was the greatest. 可9:34 徒不作聲,因為他們在路上 彼此爭論誰為 。 Disciples Arguing over “Who is the Greatest” 門徒爭論「誰最大」 4 recent events which may have raised this question among the disciples 最近發生的 4 件事可能在門徒中 引發了這個問題 1. perhaps Jesus’ mention of the church (synagog/assembly) raised practical organizational questions 也許耶穌提到的教會(猶太會堂/ 集會)提出了實際的組織問題 The Occasion 場合 Mark 9.33 They came to Capernaum; and when He was in the house, He began to question them, “What were you discussing on the way?” 可9:33 他們來到迦百農,耶穌在屋裡問 徒說:「你們在路上議論的是 甚麼 」 Mark 9.34 But they kept silent, for on the way they had discussed with one another which of them was the greatest. 可9:34 徒不作聲,因為他們在路上彼此 爭論誰為 。 Luke 9.46 An argument started among them as to which of them might be the greatest. 路9:46 徒中間起了議論,誰將為 。 人 大 己 自 心 立 大 子 ? 小 言 門 門 門 門 一 Luke 9.47 But Jesus, knowing what they were thinking in their heart, took a child and stood him by His side, 路9:47 耶穌看出他們 中的議論,就領 個 孩 來,叫他站在 旁邊 Disciples Arguing over “Who is the Greatest” 門徒爭論「誰最大」 2. Jesus’ prediction of his death in Jerusalem may have caused the disciples to discuss who might become Jesus’ successor 耶穌預 祂在耶路撒冷的死,這可能 促使 徒討論誰可以成為耶穌的繼承 3. Peter being given the keys may have caused pride or jealousy 彼得被授予鑰匙可能引起了驕傲 或嫉妒 4. The three being chosen for the intimate mountain top experience may have been seen as some hierarchy being set in place 三位被選中參與親密的山上經歷, 或許被視為建 了某種等級制度 Kingdom Question 國度的問題 “Who is the Greatest?” 「誰是最大的?」 Mark 9.33 They came to Capernaum; and when He was in the house, He began to question them, “What were you discussing on the way?” 可9:33 他們來到迦百農,耶穌在屋裡問 徒 說:「你們在路上議論的是甚麼 」 1. Jesus discerned from their argument that the disciples were still slow to grasp the true nature of His ‘upside down kingdom’ 耶穌從他們的議論中看出,門徒們仍然 Mark 9.34 But they kept silent, for on the way they had discussed with one another which of them was the greatest. 可9:34 徒不作聲,因為他們在路上彼此 爭論誰為 。 2. In Mk.9 Jesus’ question reveals his redemptive wisdom: 在馬可福音第9章中,耶穌的問題揭示 了祂救贖的智慧: Luke 9.46 An argument started among them as to which of them might be the greatest. 路9:46 徒中間起了議論,誰將為 。 a. Question first correcting the disciples who fell strangely silent with shame 問題 先糾正了 徒,他們因羞愧 異常地沉默了 而 ? 門 一 大 己 示 自 心 門 心 大 子 小 首 門 門 Luke 9.47 But Jesus, knowing what they were thinking in their heart, took a child and stood him by His side, 路9:47 耶穌看出他們 中的議論,就領 個 孩 來,叫他站在 旁邊 一 沒有領悟祂的「顛倒的國度」的真正 本質 b. And then revealing again another kingdom mystery to the hearts of ‘babes’ 然後再次向「嬰兒」的 揭 另 個 國度的奧秘 Kingdom Question 國度的問題 Mark 9.33 They came to Capernaum; and when He was in the house, He began to question them, “What were you discussing on the way?” 可9:33 他們來到迦百農,耶穌在屋裡問 徒 說:「你們在路上議論的是甚麼 」 Mark 9.34 But they kept silent, for on the way they had discussed with one another which of them was the greatest. 可9:34 徒不作聲,因為他們在路上彼此 爭論誰為 。 Luke 9.46 An argument started among them as to which of them might be the greatest. 路9:46 徒中間起了議論,誰將為 。 ? 門 大 己 自 大 心 ? 大 子 大 小 ? 門 門 一 Luke 9.47 But Jesus, knowing what they were thinking in their heart, took a child and stood him by His side, 路9:47 耶穌看出他們 中的議論,就領 個 孩 來,叫他站在 旁邊 “Who is the Greatest?” 「誰是最大的?」 3. This “turning” to become a child is an example of what the cross means in terms of both entering and serving in the Kingdom 這種「回轉」變成小孩子的樣式, 反應出十字架的意義,關乎進入 國度和在國度裡服事的事 a. “Who is the greatest?” is the wrong question in the kingdom 「誰是最 的 」是國度裡錯誤的 問題 b. “How can I decrease so that my Great King might increase?” is the right question 「我如何衰微,以使我偉 的王能 興旺 」是正確的問題 Kingdom Question 國度的問題 “Who is the Greatest?” 「誰是最大的?」 Mark 9.33 They came to Capernaum; and when He was in the house, He began to question them, “What were you discussing on the way?” 可9:33 他們來到迦百農,耶穌在屋裡問 徒 說:「你們在路上議論的是甚麼 」 Mark 9.34 But they kept silent, for on the way they had discussed with one another which of them was the greatest. 可9:34 徒不作聲,因為他們在路上彼此 爭論誰為 。 Luke 9.46 An argument started among them as to which of them might be the greatest. 路9:46 徒中間起了議論,誰將為 。 ? 門 大 己 自 大 白 心 一 大 子 小 門 門 ? 一 Luke 9.47 But Jesus, knowing what they were thinking in their heart, took a child and stood him by His side, 路9:47 耶穌看出他們 中的議論,就領 個 孩 來,叫他站在 旁邊 c. If they had truly understood what they had seen on the Mount they would never have asked “who is the greatest in the kingdom?” 如果他們真正明 了他們在山 上所看到的 切,他們就絕 不會問「誰是國度裡最 的 」 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 Matt. 18.2 And He called a child to Himself and set him before them, 太18:2 耶穌便叫 個 孩 來,使他站在他 們當中, Matt. 18.3 and said, “Truly I say to you, unless you are converted and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. 太18:3 說:「我實在告訴你們,你們 若不回轉,變成 孩 的樣式,斷不得進天 國。」 Kingdom Greatness 國度中的偉大 1. Matt.18.3 begins with “Amen I say to you” which always signals a very important truth is about to be revealed 馬太福音 18:3 以「我實在告訴你 們」開頭 這總是預示著一個非常 重要的真理即將被揭示 2. The word “converted” here is not the word used to mean salvation but here means “to turn” from your own self importance to humble childlikeness , 子 子 小 小 一 , 這裡的「回轉」一詞不是指救贖 而是指從你的自我重要性「轉變」 成謙卑的像孩子一樣 小 , 子 小 一 子 : 大 子 小 ; 己 一 小 Matt. 18.2 And He called a child to Himself and set him before them, 太18:2 耶穌便叫 個 孩 來,使他站在 他們當中, Matt. 18.3 and said, “Truly I say to you, unless you are converted and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. 太18:3 說:「我實在告訴你們,你們 若不回轉,變成 孩 的樣式,斷不得進 天國。」 Matt. 18.4“Whoever then humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 太18:4 「所以凡 謙卑像這 孩 的,他在天國裡就是最 的。」 Matt. 18.5 “And whoever receives one such child in My name receives Me; 太18:5 「凡為我的名,接待 個像這 孩 的,就是接待我 自 子 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 Kingdom Greatness 國度中的偉大 3. Jesus ‘called’ a child to himself and the child came without hesitation: this child- like trust was the main point of this metaphor in Matthew’s gospel 耶穌「叫」一個孩子到祂身邊 孩子毫不猶豫地來 這種孩子般的 信任是馬太福音中這個隱喻的重點 小 立 子 小 見 一 心 大 子 子 小 子 大 ; 己 面 一 小 自 人 Matt. 18.2 And He called a child to Himself and set him before them, 太18:2 耶穌便叫 個 孩 來,使他站在 他們當中, Matt. 18.3 and said, “Truly I say to you, unless you are converted and become like children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. 太18:3 說:「我實在告訴你們,你們 若不回轉,變成 孩 的樣式,斷不得進 天國。」 Matt. 18.4“Whoever then humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 太18:4 「所以凡 謙卑像這 孩 的, 他在天國裡就是最 的。」 Matt. 18.5 “And whoever receives one such child in My name receives Me; 太18:5 「凡為我的名,接待 個像這 孩 的,就是接待我 大 子 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 Kingdom Greatness 國度中的偉大 a. Many interpret a child’s greatness as having traits such as humility, innocence, faith, simplicity, helplessness 許多 分析孩 的偉 之處在於 擁有謙遜、天真、信 、單純、 無助等特質 b. But Jesus is teaching that greatness is in the simple believer that hears and comes immediately to the One who calls 但耶穌教導說,那些聽 並 即 來到呼喚者 前的單純信徒即是 偉 的 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 Matt. 18.2 And He called a child to Himself and set him before them, 太18:2 耶穌便叫 個 孩 來,使他站在他們 當中, Matt. 18.4“Whoever then humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 太18:4 「所以凡 謙卑像這 孩 的,他在 天國裡就是最 的。」 大 子 一 子 小 子 人 小 門 子 子 二 一 十 立 小 人 己 一 自 父 大 首 人 ; 用 馬 人 人 Mark 9.35 Sitting down, He called the twelve and *said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he shall be last of all and servant of all.” 可9:35 耶穌坐下、叫 個 徒來、說、若 有 願意作 先的、他必作眾 末後的、作 眾 的 。 Mark 9.37 “Whoever receives one child like this in My name receives Me; and whoever receives Me does not receive Me, but Him who sent Me.” 可9:37 凡為我名,接待 個像這 孩 的就 是接待我 凡接待我的,不是接待我,乃是 接待那差我來的。 Three Kingdom Angles 三個國度裡的天使 1. Matthew from the Father’s POV sees greatness when anyone who hears the call immediately comes with a child’s humble dependence to His Son 太從天 的角度看到,當任何 聽到呼召的 即像孩 樣謙 卑地依靠祂的兒 時,這是最 的。 Three Kingdom Angles 三個國度裡的天使 Matt. 18.2 And He called a child to Himself and set him before them, 太18:2 耶穌便叫 個 孩 來,使他站在他們 當中, Matt. 18.4“Whoever then humbles himself as this child, he is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 太18:4 「所以凡 謙卑像這 孩 的,他在 天國裡就是最 的。」 人 子 小 大 子 子 小 一 人 小 門 子 己 二 一 十 自 小 己 一 自 大 音 首 ; 人 人 人 用 馬 Mark 9.35 Sitting down, He called the twelve and *said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he shall be last of all and servant of all.” 可9:35 耶穌坐下、叫 個 徒來, 說:「若 有 願意作 先的, 他必作眾 末後的, 作眾 的 。 Mark 9.37 “Whoever receives one child like this in My name receives Me; and whoever receives Me does not receive Me, but Him who sent Me.” 可9:37 凡為我名,接待 個像這 孩 的就 是接待我 凡接待我的,不是接待我,乃是 接待那差我來的。 人 人 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 2. Mark: last is first- from a Master’s POV greatness is when a servant humbly receives little ones “in my name” setting aside his own interests to do that which pleases his Master 可福 :在後的要在前—— 從主 的角度來看,當 個僕 謙卑地「為我的名義」接待 時,他放棄了 的利益,去做 讓主 喜悅的事,這就是最 的 Kingdom Lesson 國度的功課 Mark 9.35 Sitting down, He called the twelve and *said to them, “If anyone wants to be first, he shall be last of all and servant of all.” 可9:35 耶穌坐下、叫 個 徒來, 說:「若 有 願意作 先的, 他必作眾 末後的、作 眾 的 。 Mark 9.37 “Whoever receives one child like this in My name receives Me; and whoever receives Me does not receive Me, but Him who sent Me.” 可9:37 凡為我名,接待 個像這 孩 的就 是接待我 凡接待我的,不是接待我,乃是 接待那差我來的。 子 大 子 小 小 小 人 大 門 小 二 一 十 小 首 人 ; 人 子 用 小 人 人 Luke 9.48 and said to them, “Whoever receives this child in My name receives Me, and whoever receives Me receives Him who sent Me; for the one who is least among all of you, this is the one who is great.” 路9:48 對他們說:「凡為我名接待這 孩 的,就是接待我,凡接待我的,就是接待那 差我來的,你們中間最 的、他便為 。」 Three Kingdom Angles 三個國度裡的天使 3. Luke: least is greatest- from the servant’s POV he’s learned that the way up in the kingdom is down and is therefore willing to take the least place by receiving and caring for helpless/ unimportant little ones 路加:最 的就是最 的—— 從僕 的角度來看,他學到了在 天國裡向上的路是向下的,因此 藉著接納及照顧無助的/不重要 的 ,就是願意接受最 的 位置 Seeing the Kingdom of the Heavens 看見天國 1. Jesus changed the disciple’s Kingdom Question from one of Position or Authority to one of Humility and Service 耶穌將門徒對國度的問題從地位或權柄的 改為謙卑和服事 2. Kingdom vision sees the King’s Heart 國度的異象看見了王的心 a. The lowly Jesus was humbly accepting His cross with its approaching suffering and had called his disciples to deny themselves as well 卑微的耶穌謙卑地接受了祂的 字架和即將來臨的苦難 並呼籲祂的門徒們 也要捨己 , , , 十 fi b. But the disciples only latched on to the coming glory of His kingdom and just where they would t in (though Jesus had made only a single reference to it) 但門徒只專注於祂王國即將到來的榮耀 以及他們自己的定位(儘管耶穌 只提到過一次) Seeing the Kingdom of the Heavens 看見天國 3. Greatness in the Kingdom was de ned by Jesus’ own humility, love and service and not at present His authority and glory 國度的偉大是由耶穌自己的謙卑、愛和服事來定義的 而不是當下 祂的權威和榮耀 a. Rewarded: kingdom servants sense their own ‘littleness’ before the Father and therefore receive and love other ‘little ones’ 獲得獎賞 國度的僕人意識到自己在天父面前是「渺小的」 因此接納和 愛其他「渺小的人」 , , , fi : : b. Warned: kingdom servants who belittle the ‘little ones’ or cause their faith to stumble will face certain judgment by the King 警告 國度的僕人若輕視『小子們』或使他們的信心被絆倒 必受王的審判 (二)馬太福音18:7-14 國度的「禍」臨到那些使「小子們」絆倒的人 凡使這信我的 個 跌倒的,倒不如 把 拴在這 磨 的頸項上, 沉在深海裡。 太福 18:6 人 人 人 子 小 一 人 石 音 Matt. 18.7 “Woe to the world because of its stumbling blocks! For it is inevitable that stumbling blocks come; but woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes! 太18:7 這世界有禍了,因為將 絆倒!絆倒 的事是免不了的,但那絆倒 的有禍了。 大 馬 2. Matt. 18:7-14 Kingdom “Woes” upon those who cause ‘little ones’ to stumble Kingdom Warning 國度的警告 Matt. 18.5 “And whoever receives one such child in My name receives Me; 太18:5 「凡為我的名,接待 個像這 孩 的,就是接待我 Matt. 18.6 but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would be better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck, and to be drowned in the depth of the sea. 太18:6 凡使這信我的 個 跌倒的, 倒不如把 磨 拴在這 的頸項 上,沉在深海裡。 小 人 人 ; 一 子 小 石 一 大 人 子 人 Matt. 18.7“Woe to the world because of its stumbling blocks! For it is inevitable that stumbling blocks come; but woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes! 太18:7 這世界有禍了,因為將 絆倒! 絆倒 的事是免不了的,但那絆倒 的有禍了。 Kingdom Weal or Woe 國度的福或禍 1. Jesus now changes the focus from becoming a child of the kingdom to serving the ‘little ones’ in My Name 耶穌現在將焦點從成為天國的孩子 轉變為奉我的名服事「小子」 2. Jesus gives two warnings for those who stumble the faith of any ‘little ones’ (little ones is now expanded to include all new Christians) 耶穌對那些使任何「小子們」的 信心被絆倒的人提出了兩個警告 (小子們現在擴大到包括了所有新 的基督徒) Kingdom Warning 國度的警告 Matt. 18.5 “And whoever receives one such child in My name receives Me; 太18:5 「凡為我的名,接待 個像這 孩 的,就是接待我 Matt. 18.6 but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would be better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck, and to be drowned in the depth of the sea. 太18:6 凡使這信我的 個 跌倒的, 倒不如把 磨 拴在這 的頸項 上,沉在深海裡。 人 小 而 大 人 生 人 ; 一 子 人 小 人 石 一 子 小 大 人 子 人 Matt. 18.7“Woe to the world because of its stumbling blocks! For it is inevitable that stumbling blocks come; but woe to that man through whom the stumbling block comes! 太18:7 這世界有禍了,因為將 絆倒! 絆倒 的事是免不了的,但那絆倒 的有禍了。 Kingdom Weal or Woe 國度的福或禍 a. Inside the kingdom: kingdom servants whose lives stumble young believers will suffer great loss and kingdom judgment 在國度裡:國度的僕 的 命 絆倒了年輕的信徒將遭受巨 的 損失和國度的審判 b. Outside the kingdom: there is a curse and “Woe” upon this world for eventually causing ‘little ones’ to stumble and the ‘Woe’ falls specifically upon whoever caused the stumbling 在國度外:有詛咒和「禍」在這世 上至終造成「 們」跌倒, 「禍」特別臨到任何使 跌倒的 Rom.14-15 gives examples of stumbling newer believers 羅馬書14-15章給了絆倒初信的聖徒的例子 1. Stumbling a believer is when their faith or conscience is violated: 當信徒的信仰或良知被侵犯時,信徒就會跌倒: a. The new believer often has scruples from their religious background or family training: eating or drinking restrictions, sabbath rules, holy days, ways of worship, things considered clean and unclean and those with whom one can associate 新信徒常常會因為 的宗教背景或家庭教導 有所顧忌:飲食限制、 安息 的規則、聖 、敬拜 式、被視為潔淨和不潔淨的事物以及可以 交往的 心 心 而 方 心 己 自 日 自 人 日 b. Paul says such believers are “weak in faith” because their conscience has not yet been renewed and freed by living faith 保羅說這樣的信徒「信 軟弱」,因為他們的良 還沒有被活潑的信 更新和得 由 Rom.14-15 gives examples of stumbling newer believers 羅馬書14-15章給了絆倒初信的聖徒的例子 2. Judging such a believer is wrong and we must accept them where they’re at (Rom. 14.1 Now accept the one who is weak in faith, but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.) 評斷這樣的信徒是錯誤的,我們必須接受他們的現狀(羅 書 14.1 信 軟弱的,你們要接納,但不要辯論所疑惑的事。) a. We put a stumbling block before others when we use our ‘freedom’ to violate their conscience 當我們利 我們的「 由」來侵犯他 的良 時,我們其實是在為他 設定絆腳 人 石 馬 人 心 人 而 心 自 人 用 石 鼓 心 b. We put a stumbling block before others when we encourage them to override their conscience and therefore ‘sin’ Rom.14.23 當我們 勵別 超越良 「犯罪」時,其實是在為別 設絆腳 。 (羅14:23) Rom.14-15 gives examples of stumbling newer believers 羅馬書14-15章給了絆倒初信的聖徒的例子 而 馬 心 人 馬 3. In love do not eat or drink around a brother if it offends them because love demands accepting each other and these secondary matters are not central to the Kingdom Rom.14.17 在愛中,不要在兄弟周圍吃喝,如果這會冒犯 他們,因為愛要求互相接納, 這些次要的事 不是國度中 的事 (羅 書 14.17) Romans 14:13 Therefore let us not pass judgment on one another any longer, but rather decide never to PUT A STUMBLING BLOCK or hindrance in the way of a brother. 羅 書14:13 所以我們不可再彼此 論斷,寧可定意 誰也不給弟兄放下 絆腳跌 之物。